A typical low-voltage variable-frequency drive. Industrial facilities commonly use variable-frequency drives (VFDs) to control the speed at which alternating current motors operate. Let’s examine a ...

I continue to be surprised by how many equipment designers are confused by UL circuit protection standards. In trying to meet conflicting standards, engineers may actually decrease the level of ...

This article is part of the Ideas for Design Series: Vol. 3, No. 8. This circuit builds on a previous idea in which the addition of an optocoupler to a microcontroller output converted a “dumb” ...

The circuit was developed to produce a continuity tester with a low resistance mainly for checking the connections between soldered joints. Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) – a DC coupled high gain ...